Skip to content

Fertilization is a Multi-Stage Process

Fertilization of an oocyte is the event where a sperm cell merges with an oocyte, forming the beginning of a new, genetically unique individual. Fertilization occurs in several stages within the woman’s fallopian tube.

The process begins with ovulation, when the ovary releases a mature oocyte, which then moves into the fallopian tube. Sperm travel from the vagina through the cervix and uterus to reach the fallopian tube, a journey that can take several hours. The oocyte and sperm meet in the upper part of the fallopian tube, where fertilization can occur if the sperm are viable. Sperm can survive in the female reproductive system for up to five days.

Through a process called capacitation, chemical changes occur on the surface of the sperm, enhancing their ability to penetrate the zona pellucida, the protective layer surrounding the oocyte. Typically, a single sperm penetrates the zona pellucida and fuses with the oocyte’s membrane. After this, the nuclei of the sperm and oocyte combine, forming a fertilized oocyte, or zygote, which contains 23 chromosomes from each parent.

For booking, we will redirect you to our parent company Pihlajalinna’s booking website

Please reserve the appropriate duration and provide your reason for the appointment

If you cannot find a suitable time, please call us at 010 312 106

All blood sampling and procedure appointments are booked by phone or at the clinic (insemination, embryo transfer)